“so”在英语语法中主要涉及两种从句类型,具体用法需结合句子结构分析:
一、作为并列连词引导并列句[]
当”so”单独使用时,连接两个独立分句构成并列句,表示因果关系,此时不构成从句。例如:
- He was sick,so he couldn’t go to work.(他生病了,因此不能去上班。)
此处的”so”连接两个主句,前后分句在逻辑上是并列关系而非主从关系。
二、引导状语从句
当”so”与”that”搭配或构成特定句式时,引导结局状语从句或目的状语从句,属于主从复合句中的从句成分:
1. 结局状语从句
(1) so…that…
- 结构:so + 形容词/副词 + that + 从句
- 功能:强调主句动作导致的结局。例如:
- The scientist’s report wasso instructivethat we were all excited.
- He stu*dso hardthat he made great progress.
(2) so that
- 结构:主句 + so that + 从句(不含情态动词)
- 功能:直接陈述结局。例如:
- The floor is wet,so that it is easy to fall down.
2. 目的状语从句
- 结构:主句 + so that + 从句(含can/could/may/might等情态动词)
- 功能:说明主句动作的目的。例如:
- He got up earlyso that he could catch the bus.
三、与”such…that…”的区别
结构 | 用法特点 |
---|---|
so…that | 修饰形容词/副词,如:so nice a flower(强调“花的美”) |
such…that | 修饰名词,如:such a nice flower(强调“花本身”) |
独特搭配 | so + many/much/few/little + 名词,如:so many books(不可用such替换) |
四、易混淆点辨析
-
并列句 vs 状语从句
- 并列句:He was tired,so he went to bed.(两个独立分句)
- 状语从句:He stu*dso hardthat he fell asleep.(主从复合句)
-
so that的目的与结局用法
- 目的:含情态动词(so that hecould pass)
- 结局:不含情态动词(so that he passed)
“so”既可作并列连词连接并列句,也可与”that”搭配引导结局或目的状语从句。需结合句子结构和语境判断其具体语法功能。